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Detailed introduction
- "Application-oriented" P-type HPGe detectors are optimized for specific sample types, gamma energy ranges and measurement geometries.
- Find out what your new HPGe detector can do before you buy!
- Counting geometries provides relative efficiency for a given IEEE standard.
- Stable thin front contact surface that does not produce front dead layer growth if stored at room temperature (PROFILE GEM S, SP and C series).
- Guaranteed crystal size ensures measurement performance.
- Reproducible dimensions mean reproducible performance...without exception.
- Full range of PopTop cryostats and options.
ORTEC PROFILE Series P-Type High Purity Germanium (HPGe) Detectors are available in specific crystal sizes from which you can choose the solution for your application. To help you determine the relationship between relative efficiency and crystal size, nominal relative efficiency specifications are provided. Resolution is measured according to IEEE standards. If a specific PROFILE series detector is in the ORTEC detector inventory, actual measured specifications can be checked before purchase.
F Series PROFILE GEM Detector
The F series PROFILE detector adopts a "super square" (diameter > length) coaxial structure. This crystal geometry is often called a half-planar structure. For a given relative (IEEE) efficiency, the F-Series enables "utilization" of germanium material, which provides counting efficiency for volume source samples located directly on the end cap or "close to the geometry", such as:
- Point source at top of end cap
- Filter paper sample on top of end cap
- Samples of bottles and jars on top of end caps
- Healthcare power analysis applications (e.g., lung monitoring)
- Waste bin monitoring
Additionally, the supersquare geometry helps improve low-energy resolution issues by reducing crystal capacitance.
S Series PROFILE GEM Detector
- It has an ultra-thin and stable incident window and has all the advantages of the F series PROFILE detector.
- Excellent performance guaranteed.
- Excellent sensitivity down to 3 keV energies.
- Long-term storage at room temperature will not reduce the performance of the detector.
S-Series PROFILE GEM detectors feature planar crystal geometry and a proprietary ultra-thin stable entrance window to improve low-energy efficiency. The S-Series entrance window extends the useful energy range to 3 keV and below while maintaining the excellent peak shape and resolution characteristics of the PROFILE Series.
SP series PROFILE GEM detector
- Features a proprietary low-noise rear contact surface while providing all the benefits of all F-Series and S-Series PROFILE detectors.
- Excellent resolution performance.
The planar SP Series PROFILE GEM detectors use a low-noise rear contact stage in addition to the proprietary ultra-thin stable entrance window of the S-Series and C-Series. Like the S-Series, the front contact still provides excellent transmission at low energies without loss of efficiency due to the entrance window if stored at room temperature. The SP series detectors feature a specialized rear contact surface that significantly improves detector resolution at low energies.
General Guidelines for Selecting an F-Series, S-Series or SP-Series PROFILE GEM Detector
For samples placed directly on the end cap, the detector diameter should exceed the sample diameter by 20% or more. If it exceeds 30%, the efficiency increase is not obvious. Additionally, if the detector diameter exceeds the sample diameter by 20% or more, errors caused by non-reproducibility of the sample position will be minimal.
If there are budget constraints, choose a diameter detector first. Choosing a thicker detector will further increase efficiency, especially at higher energies. For samples with geometries similar to those described above, selecting an F-Series PROFILE detector with a diameter that is 20% (or more) larger than the sample ensures maximization of the given relative (IEEE) efficiency. Selecting an S-Series PROFILE detector with a diameter 20% (or more) larger than the sample ensures optimal efficiency at lower energies from 3 to 50 keV. If the application or situation requires the detector to be stored in a room temperature environment for an extended period of time, choose the S-Series PROFILE detector to maintain excellent performance without degradation in the low energy range. Supersquare detectors generally achieve better low-energy resolution than longer, smaller diameter detectors with the same relative efficiency.
Choose SP Series PROFILE detectors for the best resolution performance at low and medium energies. The advantage of high resolution is crucial for applications in multinuclide (multimodal) identification. Better resolution improves the performance of peak localization algorithms, thereby reducing false positives and double peaks. The SP series PROFILE detectors provide better resolution performance which means improved signal to noise ratio, which also means lower minimum detectable activity (MDA) and shorter counting time.
It should be noted that the smallest S series detectors (GEM-S5020, GEM-S5825) and all GEM-SP detectors are designed for low count rate related applications.
M Series PROFILE GEM Detector
M Series detectors are designed for Marinelli cups to provide solution and efficiency. The M-series detectors provide the same resolution and higher efficiency (below 50 keV) as the GEM-series detectors, and offer higher resolution but slightly lower efficiency (below 50 keV) than the GMX-series detectors. These are measured when the end cap diameter "fills the crystal" and the length is slightly greater than the diameter. The overall efficiency of the Marinelli Cup was. This is seen in a sample cup where the well diameter is equal to its length. In addition, for a given relative (IEEE) efficiency, the M Series enables the "utilization" of germanium material with higher energy range requirements than the F, S or SP Series to provide counting efficiency for volume source samples placed directly on the top surface of the end cap, such as:
- Point source at top of end cap
- Filter paper sample on top of end cap
- Bottle and jar samples on top of end caps
- Waste bin monitoring
C Series PROFILE GEM Detector
C-Series detectors offer all the advantages of M-Series detectors combined with an ultra-thin, stable entrance window. This extends the available energy to 3 keV while maintaining efficiency at higher energies. In addition to measuring nuclides such as 241Am and 210Pb, it also provides excellent efficiency for higher energy emitters; all in one detector. The detectors provide the efficiency of a single detector at energies greater than 3 MeV.
General Guidelines for Selecting M-Series or C-Series PROFILE GEM Detectors
Choosing an M-Series or C-Series detector for a specific Marinelli cup is easy: just choose the detector that best fits the diameter of the Marinelli cup well!
F-Series, S-Series or SP-Series detectors fit Marinelli's geometries and have better resolution performance but less efficiency than M-Series or C-Series detectors of the same diameter. Accordingly, M or C series detectors can replace F, S or SP series detectors in end cap tip measurement geometries. For the same diameter, the M-Series or C-Series offer slightly higher efficiency (increasing with energy).
